慢性呼吸系统疾病病程长、症状反复、治疗路径复杂，且院外管理占比较高，这对患者疾病认知、操作技能、自我监测和长期依从性提出了更高要求。因此，持续开展患者教育和管理是影响症状控制、预防急性加重、参与康复和改善长期预后的关键组成部分。近年来，随着人工智能、医学大语言模型、数字人、虚拟专家、物联网及元宇宙医学等技术快速发展，呼吸健康教育和管理已由传统“诊室单次宣教”向“连续化、个体化、情境化与交互化”模式演进。数字人和虚拟专家已显示出在对患者建立疾病认知、指导使用吸入装置、执行书面行动计划、肺康复训练、远程随访和长期健康支持中的应用潜力，为医院—社区—家庭一体化管理提供了新的实现路径。然而，当前仍存在研究异质性较大、结局证据不足、老年与低健康素养人群适配性有限、算法透明度不足及责任边界尚待明确等问题。白春学教授团队率先提出的元宇宙医学、医学 GPT与 BAIMGPT 等概念，为数字人和虚拟专家在呼吸慢病健康教育的本土化实践提供了重要理论与技术支撑。因此，本文结合国际最新综述、重磅文章、共识指南及白教授团队相关研究，系统梳理数字人、虚拟专家与呼吸慢病患者健康教育传播中的理论基础、主要应用场景、技术支撑体系、现实挑战与未来方向，以期为呼吸慢病管理模式创新提供参考。

Chronic respiratory diseases are characterized by prolonged courses, fluctuating symptoms, complex care pathways, and a substantial reliance on out-of-hospital management, placing high demands on patients' disease understanding, operational skills, self-monitoring, and long-term adherence. Patient education and management are the core determinants of symptom control, exacerbation prevention, rehabilitation participation, and improvement of long-term outcomes. Recent advances in artificial intelligence, medical large language models, digital humans, virtual experts, the Internet of Things, and metaverse medicine, are reshaping respiratory health and management from one-time in-clinic instruction toward a model that is continuous, individualized, contextualized, and interactive. In chronic respiratory disease management, these technologies of digital humans and virtual experts have shown promise in disease cognition building, inhaler instruction, interpretation of written action plans, pulmonary rehabilitation training, remote follow-up, and long-term health support, creating new opportunities for integrated hospital-community-home care. Nonetheless, current evidence remains constrained by substantial heterogeneity, a lack of hard clinical endpoints, limited adaptation for older adults and people with low health literacy, insufficient algorithmic transparency, and unclear boundaries of responsibility. The concepts of metaverse medicine, medical GPT, and BAIMGPT proposed by Professor Chunxue Bai and colleagues provide important theoretical and technical support for localized practice in this field. Therefore, this study aims to integrate recent international reviews, landmark studies, consensus guidelines and research from Professor Bai's group, and systematically review the theoretical foundation, core applications, technical system, challenges and future directions of digital humans, virtual experts and patient education in respiratory health communication, so as to inform innovative strategies for chronic respiratory disease management.