Objective To synthesize the international evidence, implementation models, and barriers related to Hospital at Home (HaH), and to propose a China-oriented pathway for respiratory HaH by integrating family bed services, internet hospitals, internet-based medical services, Internet Plus Nursing Services, and community health services. Contemporary evidence suggests that HaH has evolved beyond a simple substitute for inpatient admission and is increasingly understood as a composite model of hospital-level acute care delivered outside the hospital through remote monitoring, virtual review, in-home nursing, home-based treatment, and rapid escalation pathways. Methods This review draws on recent systematic reviews, randomized trials, real-world studies, implementation research, and national and local policy documents. The analysis focuses on conceptual boundaries, the international evidence base, key respiratory indications, digital infrastructure, nursing and community coordination, and multidimensional evaluation across clinical safety, environmental footprint, social benefit, and economic value. Results Among appropriately selected patients, HaH appears comparable or superior to conventional inpatient care with respect to mortality, readmission, patient experience, functional recovery, and some cost-related outcomes. Respiratory conditions, particularly post-exacerbation management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, home oxygen therapy, home noninvasive ventilation, post-pneumonia transitional care, and intensified post-discharge follow-up, represent high-priority and operationally feasible scenarios for HaH. China already has several institutional components relevant to HaH, including family bed services, internet hospitals, internet-based diagnosis and treatment, Internet Plus Nursing Services, and community health services. However, these components remain only partially connected and require specialty-led integration, digital coordination, nursing execution, and community continuity to form an operational, evaluable, and scalable pathway. Environmental gains should not be assumed; instead, transport, hospital bed utilization, household energy use, consumables, waste, and digital infrastructure should all be assessed within a full-pathway framework. Conclusions HaH has developed into a model of hospital-level care outside the hospital that integrates remote monitoring, virtual rounds, in-home nursing, home-based treatment, and rapid escalation and referral. For China, the key issue is not whether HaH is conceptually feasible, but how existing institutional mechanisms can be reorganized into an integrated hospital–community–home pathway for respiratory care. Future implementation should be evaluated across four domains: clinical safety, environmental footprint, social benefit, and economic value.

Key Words: hospital at home; home hospitalization; respiratory disease; family bed services; internet hospital; Internet plus nursing services; environmental footprint; social benefit; economic value.

Medical education serves as the foundation of healthcare systems worldwide, shaping the knowledge, skills, and professional values of future healthcare providers. It is through education that we equip the next generation of doctors, nurses, and allied health professionals to navigate the complexities of patient care, scientific discovery, and public health. In an era marked by rapid advancements in medical science and technology, the need for innovative, evidence-based, and effective educational strategies has never been more pressing. Against this backdrop, we are launching Progress in Medical Education (PME), a new open-access, peer-reviewed journal dedicated to the timely publication of articles on health professions education.

Objective: To develop an automated staining device addressing the issues of cumbersome operation, low efficiency, and cluttered workspace associated with current clinical rapid on-site evaluation using Diff-Quik staining for aspiration specimen cytological smears. Methods: The device integrates a microcontroller to control motors, peristaltic pumps, solenoid valves, and fans, enabling the automatic transfer of cytological slides, delivery of staining and rinsing solutions, and forced-air drying. Results: Preliminary test results indicated that the developed device successfully performs four key steps, including Diff-Quik A and B staining, rinsing, and drying, achieving automatic staining of cytological smears. Conclusion: The developed device features a compact footprint and has no pollution to the operating environment, offering a practical solution for automated, efficient, and convenient slide staining during rapid on-site evaluation procedures.

Objectives: To investigate the feasibility of using eddy current damping (ECD) technology as a portable and rapid alternative for detecting the location of cerebral hemorrhage. Methods: This study leveraged the significant conductivity difference between hemorrhagic and normal brain tissue. ECD technology involved the application of alternating current to a coil, generating a time-varying magnetic field that induces eddy currents in conductive tissues such as hemorrhagic regions. These eddy currents produced a secondary magnetic field that opposes the original, resulting in measurable changes in the ECD signal. Using COMSOL simulations, detailed models of the head, brain, hemorrhage, and coil were constructed to analyze electromagnetic coupling. Changes in coil resistance and inductance due to hemorrhagic tissue were quantified to evaluate the detectability of ECD signals. Results: Simulation results confirmed that cerebral hemorrhages generate measurable eddy current responses,  which alter the resistance and inductance of the detection coil. These changes provide quantifiable ECD signals that can potentially indicate both the location and volume of hemorrhagic lesions. Conclusions: The findings demonstrate the feasibility of using ECD technology as a portable, rapid, and non-invasive method for detecting cerebral hemorrhage. Pending clinical validation, this approach could serve as a practical alternative to conventional imaging, particularly in emergency settings where speed and mobility are essential.

Objective: To enhance the accuracy and efficiency of tumor ablation procedures, this study integrated tumor ablation technology with a surgical navigation system and addressed errors induced by electromagnetic interference in clinical settings. Methods: An improved singular value decomposition (SVD) algorithm was proposed, which iteratively traversed the point set by selecting three corresponding points at a time to compute transformation matrices. Each matrix was applied to the original dataset, and the one yielding the minimum error between the transformed and target point sets was selected as the optimal solution. This approach mitigated the influence of individual outlier points and significantly reduced navigation errors caused by electromagnetic interference, thereby enhancing registration accuracy and robustness. Results: Experimental results demonstrated that the improved algorithm achieved high accuracy in simulating lesion localization. The root mean square error (RMSE) was employed as a quantitative metric. RMSE values were 0.85, 0.82, and 0.75 at rotation angles of 0°, 5°, and 10°, respectively, indicating minimal deviation between the transformed and target point clouds. Conclusion: Compared with the conventional SVD algorithm, the improved method yielded consistently lower RMSE values, confirming its effectiveness in minimizing electromagnetic navigation errors and enhancing registration accuracy.

Objectives: To investigate how impedance values and sensory thresholds at various human upper limb sites af fect the parameter settings of electrical stimulation equipment in low and medium frequency envelope electrical stimulation therapy. Methods: The study involved testing different upper limb sites on 22 healthy subjects (ages 21-25, 11 males and 11 females) by adjusting the modulation wave frequency, carrier frequency, and current in tensity of the output. Five types of electrodes of various sizes were used in the tests. Results: The impedance test results for the human upper limb showed a wide range of impedance values across electrodes of different sizes. A new impedance model of the human upper limb was proposed, which accurately fits the relationship between frequency and impedance values. In electrical stimulus sensory experiments, the voltage perception threshold (VPT) introduced in this study was identified as a novel metric for electrical stimulus sensation. Unlike the current perception threshold, VPT does not consider the effects of current magnitude and output frequency. The range of sensory thresholds was 6-8 V, while the suprathreshold was 9-11 V. Neither experiment showed gender differenc es. Conclusions: Determining the value of the power supply and the output intensity of device power amplification circuitry based on the VPT can provide a more precise therapeutic dose for electrical stimulation therapy.